Country name: Czech republic
Geography: Central Europe, southeast of Germany
Area: 78,860 sq km
Population: 10.2 million
Capital: Prague
Language: Czech
Natural resources: hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber
Government type: parliamentary democracy
Legal system: civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to bring it in line with Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) obligations and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory
The Czech Republic is a small country located in Central Europe with a total area of 78,850 square kilometers and a population of approximately 10,200,000 people. The capital is Prague that is a memorial, historic place. The country does not have any coastline. It shares boundaries with 4 other countries: to the West with Germany, Austria to the South, Slovakia to the Southeast and Poland to the North and Northeast. Due to its location the climate is mixed and may comprise of relatively hot summer days and cold winters. Despite its location, the climate is slightly continentally influenced which can be observed by the oscillations in temperature and precipitation.
Czechoslovakia was formed after WW I, when Slovaks and Czechs united to form a country. After WW II , the country fell under the influence of socialism. The country remained under Soviet Union influence until the collapse of the USSR in 1989. In 1969, demonstrations against communism led to harsh consequences. However, after the collapse of the USSR, Czechoslovakia became a free country and on January 1st 1991 it divided into two separate countries- Slovakia and Czech Republic.
Having in mind the history of the Czech Republic, the population of the country is diverse although more than 90% is comprised of Czech. The other 10% are Slovakian, German, Polish and other minorities. Religion in Czech Republic is topic that needs certain attention. Due to being a former communist country a big part of the population (around 40-50%) claims no affiliation to any religion. However, after the collapse of the USSR, freedom of choice was restored and the Czech were free to choose their own religion. Around 30 % are Roman Catholic; there are also Christian Orthodox and a small part are Protestant. The official language of the country is Czech and this is the first language of the greater part of the population. Slovak and Czech are mutually understandable due to history. Other languages that are spoken in Czech are Polish, German, and Slovak.
The Czech Republic is a parliamentary democracy. Its currency is Czech crone (CZK). 1 US dollar can be exchanged for 15.6 Czech crones and 1 Euro can be exchanged for 24.7 Czech crones.
The Czech economy serves as an example to all the other former Communist countries because it proved itself to be the most stable and flourishing after the collapse of the USSR.
After the country became independent from the Soviet Union, it went on its way to market economy. Reforms had to be made in order to achieve the goal of extracting communism and turning to capitalist economy. In order to achieve those goals, reforms such as changing of the ownership of state enterprises to private, liberalization of the Czech currency, stable prices and interest rates, had to be undertaken. The country was also the aim of many Foreign Direct Investments which were achieved by forming numerous joint ventures between Czech and foreign firms, thus additionally boosting the economy. The GDP per capita( $24,500) is comparatively high to other former communist countries. The GDP growth of more than 5 % is a good measure of the economic prosperity of the country. However, the inflation hides a risk of shuttering the steady economic growth.
The country joined NATO in 1999 and successively in 2004 it became a full member of the European Union.
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